Glucopars is an effective combination of glucogenic precursors
Due to significant fermentation of starch and free sugars in the rumen, little glucose is absorbed from the diet of dairy cows. Plasma glucose concentration is a function of glucose input from gluconeogenesis (and other sources) and glucose uptake by extrahepatic tissues.
The process of making glucose from glucose precursors by internal organs (liver, kidney, etc.) is called gluconeogenesis. Since milk lactose is derived from blood glucose, milk production capacity is directly related to gluconeogenesis capacity and blood glucose level.
During the transition period, when the animal’s energy needs increase, feed consumption decreases. The need for glucose in cows increases during the last trimester of pregnancy due to fetal growth and after delivery due to milk production. Near parturition, when the concentration of blood glucose decreases, the movement of NEFA from adipose tissue is stimulated, and the absorption of fatty acids by the liver increases, causing an increase in the formation of ketone bodies. During the transition period, insulin resistance is effective in the absorption of glucose by liver cells. In this sense, the supply of 3 glucogenic precursors such as propionate, propylene glycol and glycerol, which do not depend on insulin to enter the liver cells, help to pass the transition period.
By examining nearly 35 studies related to the addition of glucose precursors, it has been determined that by increasing the supply of glucose precursors through the portal vein as well as its uptake by the liver, the synthesis of glucose by the liver increases significantly.
Types of glucose precursors
- Glycerol can be converted into glucose by the liver and kidneys and provides energy for cellular metabolism. Glycerol acts as a glucogenic precursor, which can help reduce negative energy balance and associated metabolic disorders.
- Propylene glycol is another glucogenic product, whether propylene glycol is fermented into propionate in the rumen or absorbed and metabolized by the liver, it is finally converted into glucose, and by improving the glucogenic and metabolic status of the animal, it can maintain the dry matter intake. and animal health has an effective role.
- Finally, propionate plays a role as the main precursor of gluconeogenesis in ruminants. Calcium propionate, which can be hydrolyzed to propionic acid and Ca2+ in the rumen, is a good additive to reduce the negative energy balance and negative calcium balance of dairy cows during the transition period. Calcium propionate supplementation not only provides glucogenic precursors, but also significantly increases calcium intake by cows. The results of the study by Martinez et al showed that cows fed with calcium propionate had higher milk production in early lactation. Liu et al also proved that adding calcium propionate to the feed of dairy cows improves their energy status.
As a result, each of these compounds has a different pathway for conversion to glucose. Therefore, mixing different types of precursors is the best option considering that each of them uses different pathways for glucose synthesis in the liver.
This product causes:
- Increasing blood glucose and insulin by increasing the availability of glucose precursors and activating the gluconeogenesis pathway.
- It will decrease beta hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA), non-ester fatty acid (NEFA), acetone, acetic acid, etc. in blood and liver
- It will prevent the occurrence of ketosis and fatty liver and increase the performance of the animal during the lactation period.
Ingredients:
Propylene glycol – glycerol – calcium propionate – niacin – chromium
Amount of consumption:
350 grams per head of livestock
